Here, the biological change is inherited and is not reversible in a person (ex. What is Adaptation – The process which enables organisms to adjust to their environment in order to ensure survival. It is the process of developing a trait that is useful for survival. Behavioural Adaptations – Actions of an organism that enable them to survive in their environment (e.g. body Functional adaptation is where the bone adapts to altered physical stimuli, dietary changes, or injury. In order to survive some birds learn to eat seeds. wearing insulated clothing keeps people from freezing in extreme cold). Background noises are an excellent example of sensory adaptation in the case of hearing; these noises literally fade to the background because the ear is used to the constant stimulus. Functional adaptation occurs in the process of evolution. These large marine mammals are often passed by numerous would be predators because they are simply too large to be successfully attacked and therefore attempting to injure and kill a large whale would likely be a huge waste of time and energy. traits that help organisms meet their basic needs and survive in their environmentall the individual organisms of one particular species in agiven area at one timean adaptation of an organisms body parts ,coloring,physicala class of individuals having common characteristics or qualitiesthe act or result of obscuring things to mislead an enemyan inherited behaviour that helps an organism surviveorganism or part of a component undergoes changes so as to be able to survive in a given habitat or environmentan adaptation in which one species resembles anothercomplex behaviour controlled by the animals brain and nervous systema system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms within their environment Gradual change in some phenotypic characteristic from one population to the next.Single strongest factor in determining skin pigmentation is...Timing and details of growth events and development events from conception through senescence and death.The first stage of life, beginning with the zygote in utero, terminating with birth, and involving multiple mitotic events and the differentiation of the body into appropriate segments and regions.The production and secretion of milk from a female mammal's mammary gland, providing a food source for the young.The second stage of life, beginning with birth, terminating with the shift to adult stage, and involving substantial increases in height, weight, and brain growth and development.The third stage of life, involving the reproductive years and senescence.Any factor that can cause stress in an organism, potentially affecting the body's proper functioning and its homeostasis.The speed with which an organism grows in size, often measured as the amount of growth per year.Also known as baby's teeth or milk teeth, this is the first set of teeth, which form in utero and erupt shortly after birth.The process of substituting other foods for the milk produced by the mother.Refers to the performance of complex movements and actions that require the control of nerves and muscles.Refers to the capability of the brain to perceive, process, and judge information from the surrounding environment.Refers to the onset of menstruation in an adolescent female.A difference in physical attribute between males and females of a species.The end portions of long bones, once they fuse to the diaphyses, the bones stop growing longer.The main midsection, or shaft, portions of long bones; each contains a medullary cavity.A phenotypic change due to multiple factors. Start studying Anthropology CH.5 Terms. Such trends can be positive (increased height) or negative (decreased height).Maintenance of the internal environment of an organism within an acceptable range.The cessation of the menstrual cycle, meaning the end of a female's ability to bear children.The loss on bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.Biological changes that occur during an individual's lifetime, increasing the individual's fitness in that given environment.Refers to an organism's ability to maintain a constant body temperature despite great variations in environmental temperature.The increase in blood vessels' diameter due to the action of a nerve or of a drug; it can also occur in response to hot temperatures.The principle that an animals size is heat-related; smaller bodies are adapted to hot environments, and larger bodies are adapted to cold environments.The principe that an animal's limb lengths are heat-related; limbs are longer in hot environments and shorter in cold environments.Condition in which an organism's body temperature falls below the normal range, which may lead to the loss of proper body functions and, eventually, deathDecrease in blood vessel's diameter due to the action of a nerve or of a drug; it an also occur in response to cold temperatures.Rate at which an organisms body, while at rest, expands energy to maintain basic bodily functions; measured by the amount of heat given off per kilogram of body weight.Refers to the amount of light reflected from the skin that can be measured and used to asses skin color.Melanin-producing cells located in the skin's epidermis.Brown pigment that determines the darkness or lightness of a human's skin color due to its concentration in the skin.The rating calculated by comparing the length of time needed for protected skin to burn to the length of time needed for unprotected skin to burn.Less than usual sea-level amount of oxygen in the air or in the body.The minimum amount of energy needed to keep an organism alive.The number of calories used by an organism's body during a 24 hour period.Essential chemical nutrients, including fat, carbohydrates, and protein, that a body needs to live and to function normally.Essential substances, such as minerals or vitamins, needed in very small amounts to maintain normal body functioning.Presence of high levels of cholesterol in an organism's blood; this condition may result from the dietary consumption of foods that promise high cholesterol or through the inheritance of a genetic disorder.Disease in which the body does not produce sufficient amounts of insulin or the cells do not use available insulin, causing a buildup of glucose in the cells.Occurs at population level via natural selection.
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