[72] Both the governor and the chief executive serve as the head of government. Yet Islanders feel distinctly different from their fellow citizens who reside in the United Kingdom. 2 Comments. [42] Vernet's deputy, the Scotsman Matthew Brisbane, returned to the islands that year to restore the business, but his efforts ended after, amid unrest at Port Louis, gaucho Antonio Rivero led a group of dissatisfied individuals to murder Brisbane and the settlement's senior leaders; survivors hid in a cave on a nearby island until the British returned and restored order. [50] In 1881, the Falkland Islands became financially independent of Britain. [95] In March 2013, the Falkland Islands held a referendum on its political status: 99.8% of votes cast favoured remaining a British overseas territory. Plan ahead and learn more about Getting Health Care During Travel. [77] Since the 2013 general election, members of the Legislative Assembly have received a salary and are expected to work full-time and give up all previously held jobs or business interests. What curious resources will necessity put men to discover! [76], The governor acts on the advice of the islands' Executive Council, composed of the chief executive, the Director of Finance and three elected members of the Legislative Assembly (with the governor as chairman). New arrivals included more gauchos from South America and military pensioners, farmers and shepherds from the British Isles. In his account of his voyages in HMS Beagle, Captain Robert FitzRoy quoted references to the numbers and makeup of the inhabitants from a fellow officer who had previously visited Port Louis. [8] The name "Falklands" was not applied to the islands until 1765, when British captain John Byron of the Royal Navy claimed them for King George III as "Falkland's Islands". [79] The islands' judicial system, overseen by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, is largely based on English law,[80] and the constitution binds the territory to the principles of the European Convention on Human Rights. Population: Approximately 3,200; Land area: 12,173 km²; Listing as a Non-Self-Governing Territory. [16] Claims of discovery date back to the 16th century, but no consensus exists on whether early explorers discovered the Falklands or other islands in the South Atlantic. The UK bases its position on its continuous administration of the islands since 1833 and the islanders' "right to self-determination as set out in the UN Charter". Goose Green, Falkland Islands, in 2018. Endemic land animals have been the most affected by introduced species, and several bird species have been extirpated from the larger islands. [130] Stanley (with 2,121 residents) is the most-populous location on the archipelago, followed by Mount Pleasant (369 residents, primarily air-base contractors) and Camp (351 residents). There were continual tensions with the colonial administration over Lafone's failure to establish any permanent settlers, and over the price of beef supplied to the settlement. These individuals some of whom have families, come from Buenos Ayres and Monte Video, also, and are principally Germans; they appear to be industrious and well disposed persons.[6]. The Falkland Islands' capital is Stanley on East Falkland. [130] Tourism, part of the service economy, has been spurred by increased interest in Antarctic exploration and the creation of direct air links with the United Kingdom and South America. In 1983, full British citizenshipwas give… As a British overseas territory, the Falklands have internal self-governance, and the United Kingdom takes responsibility for their defence and foreign affairs. [141] According to the 2012 census, the average daily population of the Falklands was 2,932, excluding military personnel serving in the archipelago and their dependents. The remaining 2 percent identified as adherents of other religions, including the Baháʼí Faith,[142] Buddhism,[143] and Islam. [24] Problems began when Spain discovered and captured Port Egmont in 1770. Data tables, maps, charts, and live population clock. [102] Although numerous storms are recorded each month, conditions are normally calm. [109] Rainfall is common over half of the year, averaging 610 millimetres (24 in) in Stanley, and sporadic light snowfall occurs nearly all year. [27], The Falklands War had tremendous security, economic and social implications for the Falkland Islanders. [100] The archipelago consists of two main islands, West Falkland and East Falkland, and 776 smaller islands. [23], Some Falkland Islanders were even born beyond the Antarctic Convergence, most recently in the 1980s in the territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.[24][25]. Before leaving for the Falklands Vernet stamped his grant at the British Consulate, repeating this when Buenos Aires extended his grant in 1828. Sullivan's survey of the Falklands, corroborated by other sources, in 1838 the then single settlement of Port Louis had a population of 40–45 residents including some gauchos and women from among Luis Vernet's settlers. [54] In 1965, the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 2065, calling for both states to conduct bilateral negotiations to reach a peaceful settlement of the dispute. [61] Due to the large number of deminer casualties, initial attempts to clear the mines ceased in 1983. Controversy exists over the Falklands' discovery and subsequent colonisation by Europeans. [72] The Legislative Assembly, a unicameral legislature, consists of the chief executive, the director of finance and eight members (five from Stanley and three from Camp) elected to four-year terms by universal suffrage. Of the 417 plant species found on the Falklands, less than 200 are native. [108], The climate of the islands is cold, windy and humid maritime. Land area 4,700sq miles – about the same as Northern Ireland. Total population: 3000 people, 500,000 sheep, and 500,000 penguins! There has … They are home to large bird populations, although many no longer breed on the main islands due to predation by introduced species. [120] The extent of human impact on the Falklands is unclear, since there is little long-term data on habitat change. [131] Tourists, mostly cruise ship passengers, are attracted by the archipelago's wildlife and environment, as well as activities such as fishing and wreck diving; the majority find accommodation in Stanley. [92][L], In 2009, the British prime minister, Gordon Brown, had a meeting with the Argentine president, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, and said that there would be no further talks over the sovereignty of the Falklands.
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