Two of Bathesda's biggest game series are Elder Scrolls and Fallout, which have many similarities in gameplay but are two very different settings: one fantastical and otherworldly, the other post-apocalyptic and distinctly Earth-bound. We assessed 10 coping strategies with the Brief COPE (Carver, 1997; German version by Knoll et al., 2005), which is the shorter version of the COPE (Carver et al., 1989): self-distraction, denial, substance use, venting, self-blame, behavioral disengagement, acceptance, active coping, planning, and positive reframing. While the rumor has yet to be confirmed, the theory that Fallout may have predicted the future is undeniably eerie. Mental Health Addict. J. Behav. The benefits of playing video games. (2017). We've pulled together 36 of the best Game of Thrones fan theories on where the George R.R. Finally, Link finds acceptance of his grief in Ikana Valley, land of the dead, when he finds the Elegy of Emptiness and the Light Arrows. As expected, the AICA-S score was correlated with male sex (r = 0.17∗∗∗) and age (r = –0.15∗∗∗). Copyright © 2019 von der Heiden, Braun, Müller and Egloff. These gamers further reported low self-esteem and low life satisfaction, loneliness, a preference for solitude, shyness, a lack of self-efficacy and social support, and poor achievement in school. It's clear nothing good can come of the journey, but as he says at the beginning, "it doesn't matter." Where red is during the entire video game series Why can't Pokemon Trainer Red speak? Some of these theories are enough to completely ruin games , are creepy AF , … Future studies are needed to examine whether these psychological health risks reflect the causes or consequences of video gaming. Including gamers’ reasons for playing video games and their preferred game genres helped deepen the understanding of the specific and differential associations between video gaming and psychological health. Pew Research Center (2018). 10:1731. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01731. The go-to source for comic book and superhero movie fans. Also, reasons for playing video games were differentially related to psychological functioning with the most pronounced findings for escape-oriented in contrast to gain-oriented motives. doi: 10.1089/cpb.2004.7.479, Hamari, J., and Keronen, L. (2017). It turns out you've been watching the whole situation in reverse and the "princess" you're trying to rescue was fleeing from you, the knight/monster she's running to is the one trying to rescue her, and you, Tim, are the monster who's been stalking her all along. (2009). J. Games 360 U.S. Report. 33, 757–766. These results are consistent with social learning theory 5 in that using a gun in the video game yielded positive outcomes (ie, killing hostile monsters and opening more chests). 3 . “Generalized self-efficacy scale,” in Measures in Health Psychology: A User’s Portfolio. Why does the system of catching and training Pokémon seem so different (even rudimentary and scaled down)? 72, 126–143. Doug Rattmann's scribbles all over the walls of Aperture (which include pictures of Cubes glued over the heads of people) are usually dismissed as crazy rants...unless those people were actually put into Cubes. Other players have noted that you can't get any vials from the elderly women characters, who would be unable to produce menstrual blood due to the onset of menopause. The 10th International Conference on Ambient Systems, Networks and Technologies (ANT) April 29 – May 2, 2019, Leuven, Belgium The Impact of Video Games on the Players Behaviors: A Survey Muhannad Quwaider*, Abdullah Alabed and Rehab Duwairi Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. doi: 10.1007/s11031-006-9051-8, Scharkow, M., Festl, R., Vogelgesang, J., and Quandt, T. (2015). The scale contains 16 items, which were answered using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (always) to 5 (never); higher scores indicate elevated loneliness. doi: 10.1556/2006.6.2017.038, Nestler, S., Back, M. D., and Egloff, B. This has often allowed the dialogue over the effects of video games to be reduced to a question of whether video games are “good” or “bad.” A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface or input device – such as a joystick, controller, keyboard, or motion sensing device – to generate visual feedback for a player. Reward system and temporal pole contributions to affective evaluation during a first person shooter video game. Neurosci. Video games. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.020, Schneider, L. A., King, D. L., and Delfabbro, P. H. (2018). Participants reported their grade point average. Cyberpsychol. Krohne, H. W., Egloff, B., Kohlmann, C. W., and Tausch, A. 4:629. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00629, Lemmens, J. S., and Hendriks, S. J. F. (2016). The Banana Wars were a series of interventions and occupations by the United States against countries in Central America and the Caribbean after the Spanish-American War, during which the U.S. gained control of Cuba and Puerto Rico, allowing it to plunder states like Honduras, Nicaragua, Mexico, the Dominican Republic and Haiti, frequently on behalf of the United Fruit Company (now known as Chiquita), which gained domination over the banana trade. Inform. 24, 3–7. If there's one thing gamers love, it's analyzing the fictional universes of their favorite games in an attempt to discover hidden meanings and messages left by the creators. Internet gaming addiction in adolescence: risk factors and maladjustment correlates. Video gaming is known to have some benefits such as improving focus, multitasking, and working memory, but it may also come with costs when it is used heavily. Violent video game effects on aggression, empathy, and prosocial behavior in eastern and western countries: a meta-analytic review. He stumbles upon a factory and a shopping mall, with the autonomous machinery and patrol robots in perfect working order. Comput. When you encounter your rival in the creepy ghost-ridden Lavender Town (basically a Pokémon graveyard), he asks why you're in the Pokémon Tower since you don't have any dead Pokémon to mourn. Why do people play games? (2011). Finally, positive affect while playing and a larger number of online friends were the strongest unique predictors of potentially problematic video game use, followed by psychological symptoms, a lack of offline connections, and poor school performance. Dobrowolski, P., Hanusz, K., Sobczyk, B., Skorko, M., and Wiatrow, A. Comput. We’ve even done lists covering entire gaming franchises such as Pokémon , Resident Evil , Sonic the Hedgehog , and more. Video game playing in the general adult population of Germany: can higher gaming time of males be explained by gender specific genre preferences? It's undeniable that something feels "off" about Majora's Mask in comparison to the other games. Mixed results emerged concerning age differences (Greenberg et al., 2010), but especially younger gamers seemed to be motivated for video gaming by social interactions (Hilgard et al., 2013). Cronbach’s alpha was α = 0.78 for general positive affect, α = 0.83 for general negative affect, α = 0.85 for positive affect while playing, and α = 0.83 for negative affect while playing. Excessive use of massively multi-player online role-playing games: a pilot study. Conspiracy theories about video games and their worlds are a fun and intellectually stimulating way to engage with our favorite games years after they've been released. doi: 10.1556/2006.6.2017.086, Ferguson, C. J. On the other hand, potentially problematic video game use may also lead to psychological problems because it reduces the amount of time and the number of opportunities gamers have to practice real-life behavior (Gentile, 2009). There's also an odd sequence if you happen to kill Ocelot, who can't die because he has to appear in future games. A contribution to the clinical characterization of internet addiction in a sample of treatment seekers: validity of assessment, severity of psychopathology and type of co-morbidity. Table 3. A lot of popular video games have inspired films. Perhaps the most creepy piece of evidence of all is the oil painting of Cave and Caroline. Using video games to distract oneself from stress was clearly connected to a high level of psychological symptoms. The theory goes like this: Pokémon Red, Blue, and Yellow take place just a few years after a devastating war between Kanto and a rival nation or possibly even a world war involving the use of Pokemon, that you and your rival both lost parents in the war, and are now among the first generation of young people born in a post-war age. doi: 10.4306/pi.2016.13.3.297, Petry, N. M., Rehbein, F., Gentile, D. A., Lemmens, J. S., Rumpf, H. J., Mossle, T., et al. The Nielsen Company (2017). A 10-item measure of preference for solitude (Nestler et al., 2011) was answered on a 6-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 6 (completely). Before long, lingering questions bugging Pokémon fans started popping up: where does Go fit into the Pokémon canon? John Harsanyi: An economist who won the Nobel Memorial Prize in 1994 along with John Nash and Reinhard Selten for his research on game theory, a … doi: 10.1177/1046878108319930, Griffiths, M., Van Rooij, A. J., Kardefeldt-Winther, D., Starcevic, V., Király, O., Pallesen, S., et al. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2015.0415, Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M., and Peter, J. Participants provided ratings of their psychological functioning on the following constructs: The SCL-K-9 (Klaghofer and Brähler, 2001), a short version of the SCL-90-R (Derogatis, 1975), was administered to assess participants’ subjective impairment regarding psychological symptoms (somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism). (1997). Of course, the fact that there is a regular monthly charge encourages users to play more so that they "get their money's worth". doi: 10.1007/s11469-017-9756-9. But none of them are as in-depth and "so crazy it just might be true" as the bug jar conspiracy. There's still the "Destruction" that means Shepard destroys the Reapers, but he also dies, still leading to a virtual Reaper victory. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.003, Kowert, R., Domahidi, E., and Quandt, T. (2014b). In the last few years, the amount of scientific research devoted to video game playing has increased (e.g., Ferguson, 2015; Calvert et al., 2017; Hamari and Keronen, 2017). Mental Health Addict. Although there are multiple endings that Silent Hill 2 can have, this theory does explain James' choice of words in one of them. Meta-analysis of action video game impact on perceptual, attentional, and cognitive skills. This strategy prevented us from making potentially invalid generalizations about video gaming in general and allowed us to examine the spectrum of gaming habits and the respective relations between such habits and a diverse set of variables representing psychological functioning. The virtual reality / video game theory. In the present study, our objective was to examine the relation between video gaming and psychological functioning in a fine-grained manner. A similar but somewhat less extreme picture was revealed for gamers who played video games in order to have something to talk about. The broken railways and heavily polluted levels throughout the game symbolize America's destruction of the rail system and environment in these countries. A meta-analysis. But the pink pillow with eyes is not without his dark side. Please keep in mind this article will contain major spoilers for the games listed. 16, 905–916. Res. In Kirby 64: The Crystal Shards, Kirby travels to a world known as the Shiver Star planet, which from orbit looks identical to Earth: the same continents (North and South America can clearly be seen), the same single moon in its orbit, but the surface is completely covered in ice. In addition, we identified unique predictors of potentially problematic video game use. Soc. Nintendo's famous power-absorbing pink puffball protagonist is powerful and lovable and consistently ranked as one of the most iconic video game characters. In part, this recommendation has also been followed in the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) where Internet Gaming Disorder is classified with different degrees of severity, ranging from mild to moderate to severe, according to the functional impairment associated with it. Moreover, video games offer people a chance to connect with other people socially despite any more or less evident psychological problems they may have (Kowert et al., 2014b; Mazurek et al., 2015). Behav. doi: 10.1007/s11469-011-9318-5, Laconi, S., Pirès, S., and Chabrol, H. (2017). Next is depression, portrayed by Lulu in Great Bay. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2012.0090, Granic, I., Lobel, A., and Engels, R. C. (2014). Twenty-five years of research on violence in digital games and aggression: empirical evidence, perspectives, and a debate gone astray. 2019 has been an absolutely amazing year for video games, from sleeper hits to triple-A releases. Lower self-esteem, lower life satisfaction, and, to a lesser extent, poorer perceived social support and lower self-efficacy went along with potentially problematic video game use. doi: 10.1002/ab.20290, Müller, K. W., Beutel, M. E., Dreier, M., and Wölfling, K. (2019). ), and the last level involves a wall of fire similar to a bomb's shockwave chasing you. doi: 10.1177/1745691615592234, Ferguson, C. J., Coulson, M., and Barnett, J. According to the theory, at the end of 3, the Reapers use their control to trick Shepard and the player into false choices, all three of which are an apparent win for the bad guys: "Control" means that Shepard controls the Reapers (when it's the other way around), "Synthesis means the Reapers get to bond with everything in the galaxy. Bull. As Table 4 shows, the number of online friends and acquaintances as well as positive affect while playing were most predictive of potentially problematic video game use over and above all other variables. Game Theory in Video Games: How You’re in a Prisoner’s Dilemma . There seem to be sex and age differences with regard to video gaming behavior: potentially problematic video gaming was found to be more likely among males than females (e.g., Greenberg et al., 2010; Estévez et al., 2017), and among younger gamers (Rehbein et al., 2016). The theory says that Donkey Kong Country symbolizes one of these countries under siege from the game's villain, King K. Rool, an allegory for President Teddy Roosevelt (Teddy's name even looks similar to K. Rool's, and he was often drawn in caricature as a king). J. Thér. But according to one fan theory, Animal Crossing is about a child being kidnapped and indoctrinated into a cult. Questionnaires on personality and psychological health as well as video gaming habits were administered to 2,734 individuals (2,377 male, 357 female, Mage = 23.06, SDage = 5.91). As he does, he says that now he and his wife can be together forever. The Muppets Labs And The Goose Present At The Game Awards 2019 Dr. Bunsen Honeydew and Beaker presented the Games for Impact Award, alongside the goose itself from Untitled Goose Game. In the third installment, the most prominent is Galaxy News Radio, hosted by Three Dog, who regularly comments on the player's latest activities. Correlates of preferences for certain game genres (e.g., simulation, strategy, action, role-playing) are cognitive enhancement (Dobrowolski et al., 2015; Bediou et al., 2018), but also the amount of time spent playing (Lemmens and Hendriks, 2016; Rehbein et al., 2016) and psychopathological symptoms (Laconi et al., 2017). With the present research, we aimed to shed light on the relation between video gaming and gamers’ psychological functioning. 35, 75–89. J. Moreover, the association with potentially problematic video game use was negative for general positive affect and positive and larger in size for general negative affect. Some of these theories are enough to completely ruin games , are creepy AF , … J. Appl. Nervous Mental Dis. Maladaptive coping styles in adolescents with Internet gaming disorder symptoms. If you manage to catch up to her, she begins flashing and you hear the sound of an atomic bomb detonating. Comput. 13, 313–316. By spending a predominant part of the day gaming, excessive video gamers are at risk of showing lower educational and career attainment, problems with peers, and lower social skills (Mihara and Higuchi, 2017). 32, 23–31. Finally, some of the effects reported in our paper were rather modest in size. Individual differences in motives, preferences, and pathology in video games: the gaming attitudes, motives, and experiences scales (GAMES). 1 . Internet gaming disorder, motives, game genres, and psychopathology. 28, 976–983. 0 . A fan theory states that the idea goes beyond one game and Mario and his crew are really just a group of actors who play whatever parts the various games require them to, and that every Mario game has been a stage performance. doi: 10.1007/s00787-014-0611-2, Müller, K. W., and Wölfling, K. (2017). Thus, action games seem to be both rewarding and a source of frustration. Ryan, R. M., Rigby, C. S., and Przybylski, A. Share this on ... By the time a final battle comes around in a video game, there’s not much room for more character development. These results on reasons and genres may help to explain conflicting findings of former studies, because in our work we examined various reasons for playing, several game genres, and various aspects of psychological functioning simultaneously. doi: 10.1002/per.546, Ko, C. H., Yen, J. Y., Chen, C. C., Chen, S. H., and Yen, C. F. (2005). It's a mystery if they were in love, if they were childhood friends (with Wander having an unrequited love for her) or siblings, or if they never even met before she was sacrificed. An in-depth exploration of self-reported motivations to play online and in-game behaviours in the virtual world of Azeroth. “OSV-S – skala zum onlinesuchtverhalten [AICA-S – Scale for the assessment of internet and computer game addiction],” in Diagnostische Verfahren in der Psychotherapie [Diagnostic Measures in Psychotherapy], eds K. Geue, B. Strauß, and E. Brähler (Göttingen: Hogrefe), 362–366. These findings suggest that, on the one hand, independent of one’s psychological conditions, enjoying oneself during gaming (i.e., experiencing positive affect, connecting with online friends) may go along with potentially problematic use of video games. 29, 103–109. J. BB, JH, and KM collected and prepared the data. On average, participants played video games for M = 4.09 hours per weekday (SD = 4.44, Range: 0–24), and M = 4.21 h per day at the weekend (SD = 2.99, Range: 0–24). Also, there's no reason Campbell's voice should be involved, since he isn't your contact. Not just because of the presence of grotesque horrors like Pyramid Head, but also due to the revelation that you murdered your wife and repressed the memory. Males were shown to prefer action and strategy games, whereas females showed a preference for games of skill (Scharkow et al., 2015; Rehbein et al., 2016). Much of the research that has found a link between video game violence and aggression does not actually show a clear link between exposure to in-game violence and real-world aggression. Gamers can create theories on just about every game in existence. Bloodborne involves a lot of blood, literally. (2011). The 10th International Conference on Ambient Systems, Networks and Technologies (ANT) April 29 – May 2, 2019, Leuven, Belgium The Impact of Video Games on the Players Behaviors: A Survey Muhannad Quwaider*, Abdullah Alabed and Rehab Duwairi Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Playing video games excessively should be appealing to individuals with poor psychological functioning because games allow people to avoid their everyday problems and instead immerse themselves in another environment (Taquet et al., 2017). Hum. The study used nationally representative data from British teens and their parents alongside official E.U. (2015). Int. Received: 14 September 2018; Accepted: 11 July 2019;Published: 26 July 2019. 56, 267–283. Distraction-motivated gamers preferred coping strategies such as self-blame, behavioral disengagement, self-distraction, denial, substance use, venting, and acceptance, but they neglected active coping and planning. What's fun is, many of them have a dark or eerie tone to them. (2012). 10, 646–666. Both were used as control variables in further analyses. One of these projects, an experiment involving a potato (!) The research that Kardaris referred to demonstrates that certain pathways in the forebrain, where dopamine is the neurotransmitter, become active when people are playing video games… Psychol. (2015). With this in mind, other parts of the Pokémon world, such as the prevalence of hospitals and gyms, the lack of adult males except for the elderly or those involved in organized crime (such as Team Rocket), and the lack of infrastructure and population, suddenly seem much more ominous. Top 10 Video Game Fan Theories of 2019 (So Far) 3 . Cognitive enhancement in video game players: the role of video game genre. Typically, research has focused merely on violent video games (e.g., Anderson and Bushman, 2001; Elson and Ferguson, 2014) or one specific game within one specific game genre (frequently World of Warcraft; Graham and Gosling, 2013; Visser et al., 2013; Herodotou et al., 2014), thereby neglecting the variety of possible gaming habits across various game genres. But there are no humans to be found anywhere. Fortunately, both of his parents survived, and Nathon was sentenced to 15 years in prison for his … Behav. Internet gaming addiction: a systematic review of empirical research. Hum. After reading these 10 crazy video game fan theories, gamers will never look at games like Animal Crossing, The Elder Scrolls 5: … Elden Ring was officially revealed during Microsoft’s E3 conference, a new game that’s created by FromSoftware and Bandai Namco with a powerhouse of big names behind it. A video game is defined as “a game which we play thanks to an audiovisual apparatus and which can be based on a story” (Esposito, 2005). It's not made any better by this notable excerpt from the diary of a Guardian detailing their doubts about their noble mission: “The Ghost said to me: You are a dead thing made by a dead power in the shape of the dead. Accident in the Gulf, several dead. Game studies, or ludology (etymologically 'game logic'), is the study of games, the act of playing them, and the players and cultures surrounding them. Perhaps the strongest evidence for the theory is the dialogue with Lt. Surge: “Hey, kid! Five Nights At Freddy's Theories and Secrets. Effects were not larger for video game players than for watchers, suggesting that modeling may be the underlying mechanism for the observed effects. Konstruktion und teststatistische Prüfung einer Kurzform der SCL-90-R [Construction and statistical evaluation of a short version of the SCL-90-R]. Sci. (2001). Also, the Cube is easily large enough to fit a human inside. Soc. Thus, future research should replicate our findings in a representative sample. 7, 479–487. Eine revidierte Fassung der deutschsprachigen Skala zum Selbstwertgefühl von Rosenberg [A revised German version of Rosenberg‘s self-esteem scale]. (2010). The measure for the assessment of shyness in adults (Asendorpf, 1997) consists of 5 items that were answered on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 5 (completely). Should you kill Ocelot, Snake is not chastised by Zero but by...wait for it...Roy Campbell, whose voice scolds you for creating a "time paradox." 45, 1573–1578. 14, 213–221. The AICA-S also allows for a differential perspective on gaming behavior by providing ways to assess both the time spent playing video games and the main DSM criteria that indicate Internet Gaming Disorder.
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